Overshoe



Dec. 27, 1927. 1,654,086

P. H.-MARGULIS OVERSHOE Filed. May 17,1925 3 Sheets-Sheet l IN VEN TOR if Peterfllw'dryldz ATTORNEY;

Dec. 27, 1927. 1,654,086

P. H. MARGULJS OVERSHOE Filed May 17. 1923 s Sheets-Sheet 2 w IN VE N TOR eterfiilldryulia A TTORNE w Patented Dec. 27, 1927.

UNITED STATES PETER H. MARGULIS,

OF NEW' YORK, N. Y.

OVERSHOE.

Application Tiled. May 17,

My invention. relates to improved overshoes and methods of making the szune.

The general object of the invention is to provide overshoe strijlctin'es, of the clues generally designated as rubber overshoes, Which. lit or cooperate with the shoe oi? the user in such :1 Way that accidental displace ment of the overshoe is substzultielly or entirely prevented to provide :1 snug and neat lit end at the same time to provide for easy llPPllCElt/lOll and removal oi. the os 'ershoe.

it more pert ieitiler object is to provide heelless ()Vershoe stri'ictures in which the parts around the heel opening are so designed us to closely lit the iunerehoe and er;- clude dirt end Water, and the rear or counter portions oi the overshoe are especizilly devised to lit and cooperate with the inner-shoe to effectively prevent nccideutnl. displacement or downwind slipping ot the overshoe counter.

J rnother object is to provide a lined overshoe-upper structure in which the lining terminates at it point forward of the rear end oi the rubber counter portion no that the forward pert oi? the upper, inchuling side portions of the counter, are properly strengthened and reil'iforced by lining, but the rear end of the counter is flexible or elastic, which permits the orershoe to be more easily applied, causes it to contorn'i closely and flexibly to the inner shoe when npplied, and the rear counter structure is lin'el'erebly, moreover, .i'iornuilly conformed or depressed so that it exerts an :ItlllltlOUHl teneltion on the back of the shoe counter which holds the overslme in place, prevents down "21rd or upward slipping at the heel, and siinultuneously draws the overshoe shnnh lirinly up in contact with the shoe shank and back against the lront oi the shoe heel. These features are especially desin able in a heelless overshoe although they are equally ndwiutugeous and may be incorporated in heeled overshoes.

Another object is to provide it heelless orers-lhoe having a heel open.ing,tl1emargin oi? the upper structure adjacent. to theheel o 'iening being suitably reinforced by a fabric lining which preternbly extends toward. the rear end. or. the opening but does not. extend entirely around. the back ot the heel opening; and moreover to thicken and reinforce the upper structure at the heel opening, and more especially to give to the 1923. Serial No. 839,564.

nun-gin. oi? the upper ut the heel. opening an inward euryut re or bend and to provide sh arp edge this margin with en ni'lguhir or which tits closely in the joint o1 crevice be tween the shoe counter and. heel bane to ellectively exclude dirt end moisture and preventdownwurd slipping oi the overshoe counter ih llfilillol' important objectis to so devise the overshoe coi'istruetiou thirt it is capable (it being produced.by :in improved process or iuiethod, end to lnrovide such an improved. process r .ll'lfitiltll'l. of construction including us briefly described, the liorinetion ot the upper rubber structure oi? the over-shoe substantially in one operation or in. :1 single piece or else to term in 2- single operation or in u sii'igle piece the rein.- portion oil. the rubber overshoe structure in which. most ot the imrel features oi? construction ere eu'ibodied, tor the purposes above and hereafter started.

The process is des" rhly devised. to that the entire rubber portion of the overshoe upper, or the rear portion. or counter thereof, inziy be prmlueed in one operetion ot suitable torn'iing rolls or dies.

Another object of the'inrention to pro vide :1 structure and u procer-ss by whichthe over-shoe may be readily end tL(,lVtll'lt?tlQ,'G ously built up on u last in :in improved and zulmntegeous manner.

The cl'iuracteristics and. advantages or. the invention llQ further sutliciei'itly expleined. in connection with the ilollo'wing detail desrriptiou oi the urcouipiinyinn drawings, which show certuin re )re:-;enlntive embodiments o] the ii'lvention and also strll'iriei itly explain reprmenlzltire perl'ornizmces o'i' the process (it nminri'nrturo. A'l'lei' roi'isideriug these exiiniples-i, persons skilled in the art will iuiderstand. thut many \Hl'lllllOl'lS may be made Within the principles of the in' 'ention, and I do not limit myself to details except as claimed hereu itter.

Figure 1. is an. outside plan View of the rubber rear portion or overshoe counter, substantially originally produced in the lat, embodying the invention in one form Figure 2 an inside plenyiew ot the Same.

Figure 3 :1 section at 3+3 oil l-lig'ure .1. Figure this it section and- 1 of Figure 1. Figure 5 shows :1. suitable "Front or zunp portion of: an overshoe upperndepted to co-- (ill ture as applied to an inner shoe.

Figure 9 shows a one piece rubber overshoe upper, including vamp, shank and counter portions.

Figure 10 shows the completed overshoe embodying the one piece upper of Figure 9, as applied to an inner shoe and with eer-.

tain parts in. section.

Figure 11 is an exterior View or elevation of the same.

Figure 12 is a section at 12-12 of Figure 11 The rubber portion of the overshoe upper may be made of either one or two parts. Most of the novel or distinctive features of the rubber upper are embodied in the rear or counter portion of the upper.

Figures 1 and 2 show the rear of counter upper member C designed to co-operate with a front or vamp upper piece or member V, Figure 5, in a two piece upper construction, and Figure 9 shows a one piece rubber upper in fiat or sheet form designated as a whole by the reference character U and including rear or counter portions C and a front or vamp portion V. The two part rubber upper construction as exemplified in the embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 8 Will first be described.

The rubber sheet or counter blank C, Figures 1 to 4, is preferably produced in substantially flat form and is so designed that it may be produced in a single operation by suitable dies or rolls. It includes in the fiat form, side members or wings 1 having edges 2 which are to form the top edges of the counter in the completed overshoe, these i side or wing portions being connected by a transverse portion 3, which forms the shank in thecompleted overshoe. The shank member 3 hasa forward edge 4 usually of curved outline substantially as shown and the frontends of the wing portions 1 are defined by edges 5, curved or suitably formed to cooperate with the Vamp portion of the upper, presently to be described. The rear ends of the wing portions 1 are desirably formed with curved outlines 6, so designed that when the counter member isproperly placed 'or formed on a suitable last the rear porplained hereafter.

tionsof the wings will overlap substantially along the dotted lines 7 and the proper rear counter contour will be produced, as ex- Each side or wing portion 1 is provided with a rib S which generally curved substantially or approximately as shown, this rib beginning usually near the rear margin of the wing or substantially at the point of overlap indicated by the dotted line 7 and extending in a curved line to a point near the rear edge of the shank portion. Preferably a. rearward portion S of each rib 8 projects on the inward face of the counter blank (1, as shown in Figure 2 and the forward portion 8" of the rib projects on the outer surface of the blank as shown in full lines in Figure .l.

The counter blank has other edges 1) oil suitable or curved contour, these edges lnerging with the rear edges (3 and also merging with a suitably curved rear edge llt) of the shank portion 3. The edge or margin lltl usually includes a central part '11 having a distinct bulge or rearward curvature for purposes hereafter stated. Desirably the. blank is thickened along the margins adjacent to the edges 9, this thickening constituting a reinforcement of the rubber blank around the heel opening. This thickening may increase progressively toward the edges 9, and at those edges the material. may be curved inwardly to provide portions 3. of angular cross section to cooperate with the heel of the inner shoe, in a manner explained hereafter. As otherwise dcsclilnd, this feature of the invention consists in inwardly curving or bending the blank adjacent; to the edges 9 which are to form the heel opcn ing of the completed overshoe, and providing sharp edges or angles 13 which in the completed overshoe will closely lit the inner shoe counter and especially will lit. in the joint or crevice between the shoe counter and the heel base and effectively exclude dirt and moisture and also prevent any downward slipping of the overshoe counter. Desirably also, one or a plurality of parallel ribs 11 are provided along or adjacent to the edges 9, 1t) and ll, as sull'iciently shown in Figures 1, 3 and at. Desirably also wings 1. are thickened near their rearward ends. The increase in thickness may be gradllah and the thickened portions may correspoinl substantially to the lateral strips or zones l". Figures 1, 2 and 4, these being the portions of the rear ends of the counter wings which in the completed ovcrshoe constitute the back or rear end of the counter, the two portions or zones 1 adjoining each other along the lines 7 and being entirely free from the lining (later described) the rearward edges of which terminate along the dotted lines 23, Figures 1 and 2, in the completed overshoe. The zones or portions ll" of increased. thickness, therefore, in this instance, are substantially defined by the dotted lines 7 and 23 in Figures 1 and The thickening of the rear portions of the counter avoids the necessity for applying separate reinforcelit) loo

lae

ments at the counter back, and also provides for ample resilient or elastic strength of the rear counter structure to retain the overshoe properly in position as more fully explained lunreatter.

To the rear of the thickened zones 1, the counter Wings 1 preferably have marginal portions or zones 1 of reduced. or moderate thickness, these zones being defined in Figures and 2 by the dotted lines 7. These portions of reduced or moderate thickness are overlapped and adhesively secured when the counter blank is placed on a suitable last, as further described hereafter. The thickness oi the material and its variations in-cross sectional form or thickness are some What enumerated in Figures 3 and elin order to explain these features clearly.

A. vamp blank or rubber sheet V, Figure 5, is prepared in any suitable Way to cooperate with the counter blank above describet and a suitable lining L also prepared, the front or vamp portion of which usually has the same contour as that of the rubber vamp V, The rear portions or Wings ot the lining have edges 21. corresponding :nibstantially to edges 52 ot the counter blank and. edges 2 corrt-zspoinling substantially to edpes l) Ofl the counter blank. The rear ends ot the lining Wings are formed with a curved outline 23:3 correspomlinp; substantially to the d tted lines 23 on the counter blank, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, these dotted lines indicating the location of the edges or margins when the counter blank is positioned on the lining; in process of ll'lfllltlftlClTlll'G, as hereafter explained. The lining also has lateral projections 25 arranged to meet or overlap and to underlie the shank portion 3 ot the counter blank. The vamp blank l and the liniilp; are termed with a suitably contoured edge or portion 26 internied'ate the lining Wing's 20, this portion constituting the instep portion 27 oil the completed oveishoe.

The rubber vamp blank V is applied to the torward portion oi the lining blank L with suitable :ulhesivo, as shown in li igure ii, and then the combined lining and vamp bhnik are placed on a suitable last for the proper shaping' and comp tiion ot the over shoe. Any suitable or ordinary last may be used in some cases but preferably a special last it, Figure (3, is provided to co-oporate with the mrticular upper blanks preferably employed. and. especially With rear portions oi? the upper. For this purpose the rear end of thelast has a depression or inset portion 25-; Which may include a substantially straight upper edge 29 and a lower incurved edge or portion 30, and substantially at the meeting point of these edges or portions a njroove or channel 31. is provided extending around the back of the heel and along each side For a certain distance to accommodate the ribs 8 or rib members 8". The combined lining and vamp blank are placed on the last, the forward portion of which may be of any ordinary or suitable shape. llsually a sole lining or insole 32 is placed on the bottom of the front portion of the last and. the margins of the combined lining and vamp blank V are folded in under the insole or lining 32 and adhesively secured, and then the rubber sole 33 applied with suitable adhesive, (Fig. 7). The shank members of the lining are turned up against the insole or sole lining 1:32 and adhesively secured.

A rubber counter blank Cl is then applied to the last With its shank portion 3 underlying the shank of the insole, and the blank Wings 1 are turned up against sides of the rear part of the last and over lining n.1e1nbers: of Wings 20. The front margins adjacent to the lines 5 of the counter blank will then overlap the rear margins of the vamp bl auk substantially as indicated by lines 3 1-, Figures 6 to S. The rear ends of the blank Wings 1 are pressed firmly around the back end of the last and. their margins zuljacent to the lines (3 are overlapped the amount of overlapping being approximatt y indicated by the dotted lines 7, and. these margins are adhesively secured. Rib members 8 are now located in rear portions of the last n'roove 31 and the rear part of the counter blank is torn'led to the shape of the last, or in other Words, it has an lecture or depression 35 Figure 7, the deepest portion 36 ot which substantially at the point of meeting of the two rib members 8". The last With the fully ior'med overshoe upon it is then placed in asuitable vulcanizer and. after vulcanizing, the overshoe is removed from the last and will then be in substantially the term shown in full lines in Figure 7.

hen the completed overshoe is placed upon an inner shoe, as shown in l ie uro t4. the shoe heel projects through the heel opening 40 which is surrounded by the thickened and ribbeiil portion i l. The incurved edges .13 ot the counter blank lit closely against the shoe countm: and in the crevice between the counter and the heel base oi the inner shoe; the rear curved portion 11 l oil the shank tits against the curved l'ront :tace of the shoe heel. and also hits snugly up agai the shank of the shoe sole adjacent to its intersection With the heel In. this way moisture and dirt are effectively excluded.

")y the described arrangenlent oi the parts the rear counter portion of the overshoe as best shown in Figure 12 consists entirely of rubber the fabric lining terminah ing along lines 23, and this rear Wall oi flexible rubber is norn'ially C(JUfOI'II'JQtl as shown in Figure 7, and when appliecil to the shoe is stretched. rear *ardly to conform to the shoe counter contormation as shown in llltl lln Figure 8, and exerts a yielding pressure against the shoe which firmly holds the rear counter portion of the overshoe in position and prevents downward displacement and equally well prevents upward displacement. The reinforcing ribs 8 more over, extending all around the back of the overshoe counter and in curved lines down to the shank, exert additional tension for the same purpose, and the inwardly projecting members 8 of these ribs located on the inner surface of the overshoe between the margins of the canvas lining bear very firmly against the top edge of the inner shoe counter and additionally prevent slipping.

The rear marginal portions 1 overlapped and secured as described, retain the rear ends of rib members 8" substantially in contact with each other, producing a practically continuous integral inner retaining bead which grips the top edge of the inner shoe counter and retains the rear end of the overshoe counter in position. The forward portions of the continuous ribs, that is to say, the portions 8 are formed on the outer surfaces of the blank and the inner surfaces of the blank along the sides of the counter are smooth, to facilitate the entrance of the inner shoe and so that the internal rib or bead 8 is readily positioned at the upper edge of the shoe counter simultaneously with the positioning of the depressed portion 36 of the overshoe counter at the rear of the shoe counter. The external rib portions 8' assist materially in stiffening and holding the sides of the soft overshoe counter in an upright position while the overshoe is being applied.

\Vhile the rear shape of the overshoe may vary considerably, while conforming to the general principles above explained, the particular shape shown is preferred in many cases. In this preferred arrangement the upper portion 42 of. the rear end of the overshoe counter-is directed or flared backward and this conformation facilitates the application of the overshoe to the inner shoe and also tends to relieve the tension on the shoe and the foot of the wearer when the overshoe is applied, the greater tension being exerted below the upper edge of the overshoe or against a stiff portion of the inner shoe counter.

Suitable edges of the vamp and counter blanks may be provided with beads or ribs such as and 46 so that in the completed overshoe these ribs run around the entire upper periphery.

dotted lines 51. This unitary blank and especially its rear portion may have any or all of the improvements or chai'zmteristic features of the counter construction previously described, these elements being designated by similar numerals. The unitary upper blank is applied, to a suitable lining which may be of the same shape as shown in Figure 5. the rear edges 2?) of the lining be ing located as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 9. lVhen the upper blank is adhesively applied to the lining the combined materials are placed on the last and the bottom margins of the vamp portion V are turned in and secured to the inner sole. the counter portions or wings are formed about the counter of the last and the rear margins adjacent to the lines (5 are overlapped as in the previous instance, and the shank incinbers 50 are turned in, overlapped and adhesively secured, and the properly shaped overshoe is then. vulcanized on the last. pro ducing a complete overshoe which will in normal shape have the same formation as shown in Figure 7 with the exception that the upper in one piece instead of two.

I claim:

1. An upper blank for overshoe construction consisting of a substantially flat sheet of rubber or rubber composition including spaced counter members or wings having curved rear margins, the curvatures of which provide an elastic retaining depression when connected together, and provided with integral thickened and ribbed marginal portions adjacent to certain of their longitudinal edges, said counter wings also having curved reinforcing ribs.

2. A heelless overshoe upper structure comprising a vamp and counter portions, the counter portion having a heel opening to substantially conform to the outline of a shoe heel seat, and being provided with a thickened ribbed margin about said hccl opening, the upper structure also having a shank portion, the rear margin of which is convexly curved and upwardly deflected to conform to the shoe heel and the shoe shank adjacent the heel.

3. An overshoe having an opening for the heel of the inner shoe and having a plurality of rcin forcing beads extending along the edge of said opening, said. opening having a reinforced shank at said edge of said opening andv a rib formed on the inner side of the counter of said overshoe adapted to engage over the counter of the inner shoe intermediate the height of the counter and extending forwardly and downwardly to a point near said shank.

4. A heelless overshoe having a heel. opening at the rear end thereof and having a concavely depressed elastic part more extensible than the body of said overshoe extending upwardly from a point adjacent the rear loo edge of said heel opening toward the upper edge of the counter of said overshoe and exerting tension in the overshoe and at the edge of said opening.

A heelless overshoe having a heel opening at the rear thereof and having a concavely depressed elastic part more extensible than the body of said overshoe extending u 'iwardly from a point adjacent the rear edge of said heel opening toward the upper edge ol the counter of said overshoe and exerting tension in the overshoe and at the eilge of said opening, said overshoe having a lining with agap formed therein at said elastic portion.

(5. A rubber overshoe comprising a lined ramp and an unlined counter portion and having an elastic edged heel opening, the rear end of the counter portion being termed with a depression intermediate its upper and lower edges the counter above the depression being flared b: 'zlrward, said unlined and elastic counter depression serving to exert a resilient pull upon the shoe counter to retain the heel opening margin closely about the heel near the top thereof.

7. A rubber overshoe comprising a lined vanip and an unlined counter portion and having an elastic edged heel opening, the rear end oi the counter portion being formed with a depression intermediate its upper and lower edges, the counter above the depression being flared backward, said unlined and elastic counter depression serving to exert a resilient pull upon the shoe counter to retain the heel. opening margin closely about the heel near the top thereof and. to maintain the shank edge at the front of the heel opening closely against: the front oi the shoe heel where it joins the shoe shank 8. A rubber overshoe comprising a lined *amp and an unlined elastic counter portion, the rear end of the counter portion being formed with a (lGPl'GsSlOll located substantially below its upper edge, the counter above the depression being flared backward, said unlined and elastic counter depression seriing to exert a resilient pull upon the shoe counter to retain the overshoe and especially rear parts thereof in proper position upon the shoe.

9. A heellcss ovcrshoe, inchuling an unlined elastic counter and an elastic heel opezilug at the rear lower margin thereof, said margin having a thickened rcentorceinent and a sharp edge at its inner taco and being incurved and adapted to he outwardly dis-- placed to elastically and powerfully cling to the heel seat of an inner shoe and term a tight waterproof seal.

ld Au orershoe having a heel o ieniug do lined by a thickened .reentorced, sharp elastic edge formed with an inward curl, said curled edge being adapted to be displaced outwardly and to clii'ig tightly and adjustably about the heel seat of an inner shoe.

Signed at New York in the county of lironx and State of New Yorlt this 10th day of May A. D. 1923.

PETER H. MARGULIS. 

